电竞史上最强翻盘

Indonesia does not have a food crisis.

印度尼西亚没有粮食危机。

What we have is actually a food policy crisis.

我们面临的实际上是一场粮食政策危机。

We have the answer, actually, in our food biodiversity.

实际上，答案就在我们的食物生物多样性中。

We have over 1,200 grains, over 600 edible roots, not to mention more than 550 fruits and 1,600 seafood and many more.

我们有超过 1,200 种谷物，超过 600 种可食用根茎，更不用说超过 550 种水果和 1,600 种海产品等等。

And we can find all these food sources in different landscapes.

我们可以在不同的地貌中找到所有这些食物来源。

So Indonesia has a very diverse landscape.

印度尼西亚的地貌非常多样。

We have over 17,000 islands across the archipelago, from sea to the mountains, including rainforest, mangrove area, peatland area, arid land area.

我们有超过 17,000 个岛屿横跨群岛，从海到山，包括雨林，红树林地区，泥炭地地区，干旱地区。

You know, everything is there.

你知道，那里应有尽有。

So actually, there is no need for one-fits-all diet, because each of these landscapes have their own food sources.

所以实际上，没有必要采取一刀切的饮食方式，因为每个地区都有自己的食物来源。

For a lot of [the] Indigenous community, these landscapes are a supermarket without bills.

对许多原住民社区来说，这些地貌就是无需付费的超市。

So I started Javara 15 years ago with the mission of bringing back forgotten food biodiversity to help Indigenous and smallholder food farmers to improve their lives, while also providing consumers with healthier diets, with products that are also ecological.

我在 15 年前创立了 Javara，其使命是恢复被遗忘的食物生物多样性，帮助土著和小农改善他们的生活，同时为消费者提供更健康的饮食，以及生态产品。

So of course, I got to travel across Indonesia, spending time with Indigenous community, and to my surprise, places that are so remote and not even touched by the government policy, food policy programs, are well-fed and healthy.

当然，走遍了印度尼西亚，与原住民社区共度时光，令我惊讶的是，那些偏远的地方，甚至不受政府政策和食品政策项目的影响，却食物充足，非常健康。

Yes, they may not have much cash, but they are [not] lacking of healthy, nutritious food, as long as the natural environment is not being destroyed.

是的，他们可能没有多少现金，但只要自然环境不被破坏，他们就不缺乏健康、营养的食物。

So let's look into the crop diversity that we have.

那么让我们看看我们拥有的作物多样性。

We have grains.

我们有谷物。

We have edible roots.

我们有可食用根茎。

We have fruit-based. We even have tree trunk.

我们有水果类的。我们甚至还有树干（可食用部分）。

And all of these are gluten free.

所有这些都不含麸质。

So another example is on our sugar diversity.

另一个例子是我们的糖类多样性。

We have at least four native fruit trees, including coconut for the lowland and coastal area, arenga tree in the forest area.

我们至少有四种本土果树，包括低地和沿海地区的椰子树，森林地区的桄榔树。

We have arid land with the lontar or palmyra sugar.

我们在干旱地区有糖棕糖。

And then we have nypa in the wetland.

然后我们在湿地有水椰。

But by the way, nypa also produces salt.

但顺便说一下，水椰也产盐。

How bizarre it is.

这多么奇特啊。

The same plant produces sugar and salt.

同一种植物既产糖又产盐。

And every single of these sugars [is] low-glycemic, providing slow-release energy.

这些糖中的每一种都是低升糖指数的，提供缓慢释放的能量。

And they are very sustainable.

而且它们非常可持续。

They can easily be productive at least for another 50 years.

它们至少还能轻易地保持 50 年的生产力。

Yet the government decided to come up with massive food estates on sugar cane plantations.

然而政府却决定建立大规模的甘蔗种植园粮食基地。

So let's deep dive into an example of ube or greater yam.

那么让我们深入了解一个例子：紫薯蓣。

Ube can be found in the wild.

紫薯蓣可以在野外找到。

Easily domesticated, can grow under the shade of the tree, and it can easily — you get over 40 kilos each harvest.

它容易培育，可以在树荫下生长，而且每次收获能轻易超过 40 公斤。

So this is the type of staple food which you don't need to destroy the forest, you don't need to poison our soil, and basically you don't even need to introduce new type of crop.

它是一种主食，你不需要破坏森林，不需要毒化我们的土壤，基本上你甚至不需要引进新的作物品种。

Unfortunately, the government, the policy for over four decades choose to ignore our food biodiversity, and instead monoculture of rice prevails.

不幸的是，四十多年来，政府的政策选择忽视我们的食物生物多样性，反而盛行水稻单一栽培。

Over 98 percent of Indonesians are consuming rice right now.

现在超过 98% 的印度尼西亚人以大米为主食。

Let's compare with 1954, where actually it was only 53 percent.

让我们与 1954 年相比，那时实际上只有 53%。

The rest was based on cassava, corn, sago and other edible roots.

其余的人以木薯、玉米、西米和其他可食用根茎为主食。

So I have to say, this is embarrassing, and at the same time very frustrating that a country like Indonesia where the food is abundant, we have such high rate on stunting and malnutrition, not to mention the impact of our food policy towards deforestation, land degradation, climate change, natural disasters, impoverishment of our farmers and also poor diet among the population.

所以我不得不说，这很尴尬，同时也很令人沮丧，像印度尼西亚这样一个食物丰富的国家，我们发育迟缓和营养不良的比例如此之高，更不用说我们的粮食政策对森林砍伐、土地退化、气候变化、自然灾害、农民贫困以及人口饮食不良的影响。

We do have a vision, actually, on how the policy should be.

实际上，关于政策应该如何制定，我们确实有一个愿景。

We need to shift from monoculture to food biodiversity.

我们需要从单一栽培转向食物生物多样性。

We need to revive back the heritage food that actually can provide good nutrition for all, while also keeping intact the nature.

我们需要复兴那些能够为所有人提供良好营养，同时又能保护自然的传统食物。

It is time for us to give a center stage for the food biodiversity.

现在是时候让食物生物多样性占据中心舞台了。

To be able to find the solutions that we need.

以便找到我们需要的解决方案。

This is an example of a small village in Central Java, which decided to embark on a journey to nutrify its community, making sure that every household [has] a food garden, cultivating chicken, fish, vegetables, fruits, herbs.

这是一个中爪哇小村庄的例子，他们决定踏上改善社区营养的旅程，确保每家每户都有一个食物花园，养鸡、养鱼、种植蔬菜、水果和草药。

And this is interesting because once they did that, they can reduce their grocery costs by 30 percent, improving their household income by 20 percent, increasing class attendance and also improving the student grades.

这很有趣，因为一旦他们这样做了，他们就能将食品杂货开销减少 30%，家庭收入提高 20%，课堂出勤率增加，学生成绩也得到提高。

So nutrition matters.

所以营养很重要。

Feeding the nation is one thing, but nutrifying the community goes a very long way.

养活国民是一回事，但改善社区营养还有很长的路要走。

So children [are] our future.

孩子是我们的未来。

It is also time for the food policy to also include food culture education into our curriculum, teaching our children about where their food comes from, what [is] the food biodiversity available around them, to embrace their food culture identity, to understand the nutrition that they have and how our food relates with sustainability.

食品政策也应该将饮食文化教育纳入我们的课程，告诉我们的孩子他们的食物来自哪里，他们周围有什么食物生物多样性，拥抱他们的饮食文化认同，了解他们所拥有的营养以及我们的食物与可持续性的关系。

So basically, if we can shift the policy to include food biodiversity, we can provide nutrition, good nutrition for all without jeopardizing our nature.

所以基本上，如果我们能改变政策，包括食物的生物多样性，我们就能在不损害自然的情况下为所有人提供营养，良好的营养。

It is time for us to invest more on food biodiversity, on the mainstreaming of biodiversity as [a] practical, inclusive [solution] for the future of our food.

现在是我们加大投资食物生物多样性的时候了，将生物多样性主流化，作为我们未来食物的一种实用、包容的解决方案。

Not only that we have a food policy crisis, we also have a food identity crisis.

我们不仅面临着粮食政策危机，还面临着食物认同危机。

For decades, we have been ripped off from our relationship to culture and nature.

几十年来，我们与文化和自然的联系被剥夺了。

We have to help the people to go through this crisis of identity, allowing them to understand the importance of heritage food to become the answer, and also to understand that it is the food of the future.

我们必须帮助人们度过这场认同危机，让他们理解传统食物的重要性，使其成为答案，并理解它也是未来的食物。

Rebranding it, making it sexy and hyped so that it is no longer perceived as a poor man diet.

重新包装它，让它变得性感和时髦，这样它就不再被视为穷人的饮食。

Thank you.

谢谢。